Comparison of the Clinical and Radiological Features of COVID-19 and Other Viral Pneumonias

Authors

  • Hasan Selçuk ÖZGER Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology
  • Pınar AYSERT YILDIZ Gazi University Medical School, Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology
  • Ümmügülsüm GAYGISIZ Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Anesthesiology
  • Zeynep TEKİN TAŞ Dr. Nafiz Korez Sincan State Hospital, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology
  • Fatma Zehra AVŞAR Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology
  • Esin ŞENOL Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology
  • Kenan HIZEL Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology
  • Özlem GÜZEL TUNÇCAN Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology
  • Gonca ERBAŞ Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Radiology
  • Hüseyin Koray KILIÇ Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Radiology
  • İpek Kıvılcım OĞUZÜLGEN Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Chest Diseases
  • Tansu ULUKAVAK ÇİFTÇİ Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Chest Diseases
  • Nurdan KÖKTÜRK Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Chest Diseases
  • Gülendam BOZDAYI Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology
  • Kayhan ÇAĞLAR Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology
  • Murat DİZBAY Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study is to compare the differences between COVID-19 pneumonia and other viral pneumonia (OVP) in terms of demographic, clinical and radiological features.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Gazi University Hospital between 11 March and 24 May 2020. Patients, admitted to the hospital with suspected COVID-19 infection aged >18 years and those who had pneumonia on chest computed tomography (CT) scan were evaluated. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and multiplex PCR, for other respiratory viruses, were performed. Patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR were included in “COVID-19 pneumonia” group and those who had a positive result for any other respiratory viruses and two consecutive negative results for SARS-CoV-2 were included in the “OVP” group. Two groups were compared in terms of clinical, laboratory and chest CT findings.

Results: Of the 63 patients included in the study, 45 had COVID-19 pneumonia and 18 had OVP. Cough, nasal congestion, sputum production and leukocytosis were more common in the OVP group while leukopenia was more common in the COVID-19 pneumonia (p<0.05). The distribution pattern of parenchymal lesions on chest CT was more likely to be predominantly peripheral and posterior in COVID-19 pneumonia compared to OVP. Bilateral involvement was also more frequent in COVID-19 group compared to OVP (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Distinguishing COVID-19 pneumonia from OVP with clinical and laboratory findings is difficult. Chest CT findings such as peripheral and posterior distribution of the parenchymal lesions and bilateral involvement may help to differentiate COVID-19 pneumonia from OVP.

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Published

22.05.2021

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Section

Original Research

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