Retrospective Analysis of Trauma Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Abstract

Objective

About 5.8 million people die each year as a result of injuries. Since trauma is an important problem that increases mortality and morbidity, these patients are usually followed up in intensive care units. In this study, we aimed to investigate the demographic characteristics, the effectiveness of trauma scoring systems, mortality rates, and factors affecting mortality in patients with trauma who were followed up and treated in our ICU.

Methods

The files of the patients who were followed up and treated in the Anesthesiology and Reanimation ICUs of our hospital between January 2017 and August 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. In addition to demographic data such as age, sex, trauma region, comorbidities, duration of hospitalization, Glosgow Coma Score(GCS), Revised Trauma Score(RTS), and Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Assessment II(APACHE II), surgical history, hospital and ICU length of stay, the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, ICU mortality, admission lactate, pct, ratio of neutrophil/lymphocyte values were recorded from the files of the patients.

Results

A total of 115 had complete data available for the analysis. The median age of the patients was 57.0 (44.0) years and 58.3% of the patients were male. ICU length of stay 6.0 (10.0) days, IMV duration 5.0 (12.0) days,  mortality rate 23.5% was found. The mean GCS, RTS scores were lower and APACHE II scores, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, admission lactate levels, pct, ICU length of stay were higher in the non-survivors group than survivors (p<0.05).

Conclusion

It is important to know the characteristics of trauma patients who are among the main causes of death. We believe that knowing factors that negatively affect prognosis in patients with trauma may contribute positively to trauma management. High APACHE II, GCS, lactate levels, and low RTS increase mortality during admission to ICU for trauma patients.

Keywords: Trauma, APACHE-II, Revised trauma score, Mortality